Women of the Odyssey Essay -- Homer Epics Essays

The Women of the Odyssey      Many individuals see Homer’s legends as war storiesâ€stories about men; those individuals regularly neglect the significant jobs that ladies play in the Odyssey. While there are very few female characters in the Odyssey, the not many that there are, assume crucial jobs in the story and one can increase a ton of understanding by investigating how those ladies are depicted. Homer depicts the females in opposing manners: the characters of Athena and Eurykleia are given solid, excellent jobs while Melantho, the Sirens and Circe are delineated in a significantly more negative manner. Penelopeâ€the focal female characterâ€is given both negative and positive qualities.      Athena, the dark peered toward goddess of astuteness and fight, has a weakness for Odysseus and Telemachos. The activity starts with a gathering of the divine beings, where Athena makes a request for Odysseus, asking her dad, â€Å"Why, Zeus, are you now so cruel with him?† (I, 62). This activity, matched with another intercession into a gathering of the divine beings, shows Athena’s activity and nerve, two attributes which would have been extraordinarily appreciated by Homer’s crowd. Athena likewise shows cunning and inventiveness when she camouflages herself as well as other people on a few events: The goddess initially shows up as Mentes, and afterward as Mentor, Telemachos himself, Penelope’s sister, a companion of Nausikaa’s, and different hirelings. In addition to the fact that she is an ace of camouflages, yet Athena has an unbelievable feeling of when it is important to show up as another person so as to accomplish her objecti ves. While potentially only a result of Athena’s goddess status, her capacity to see the â€Å"big picture† is a significant profoundly respected characteristic. Athena likewise has the goodness of limitation which she shows when she doesn't participate in the last fight among Odysseus and Telemachos and the admirers.      In expansion to Athena’s capacities and attributes, the qualities which she herself esteems give extraordinary understanding into her own ideals. For instance, she believes cordiality to be critical. This is indicated a few times in the Odyssey: first, when she shows up in Ithaka and is gotten so well by Telemachos, and a second time when she helps Odysseus by picking up the kindness of Arete and Nausicaa. Athena is additionally exceptionally worried about brilliance, which turns out to be clear when she sends Telemachos on his journeys with the main role to grow up so he does â€Å"not continue sticking to [his] kid... ...will enormously furious her. She is viewed as uncertain as in she never out and out won't wed any of the admirers and leads them on to a degree (I, 245). At long last, while the crowd is positively thoughtful to Penelope’s distress, it has been a long time since she has seen Odysseus and ten since she anticipated that him should return. Indeed, even Odysseus himself disclosed to her that in the event that he didn't return, she had his authorization to wed again when Telemachos was developed. The way that she has not done as such and has not gained any ground towards that end gives her a negative picture, subsequently influencing the picture of all females in the Odyssey.      The opposing perspectives on ladies introduced by Homer, and the complexities of every primary character in the Odyssey, demonstrate that Homer had a generally excellent sense about human instinct. Not all ladies are prudent and outstanding, yet not all ladies need positive ideals; and obviously, a few ladies can't fit either extraordinary. Indeed, even the characters he sets up as good examples are not great. Homer’s works have been so effective since the beginning to a great extent thus, I accept. In any case, the Odyssey is an entrancing investigation of human instinct and an energizing story of homecoming.

Therapeutic Hypothermia for Cardiac Arrest Patients

Helpful Hypothermia for Cardiac Arrest Jaime Bromley Jefferson College of Health Sciences Hypothermia is a lessening in the center temperature beneath 35 degrees Celsius or 95 degrees Fahrenheit. There are different clinical uses for hypothermia. Helpful hypothermia is the main demonstrated compelling treatment for post heart failure patients. Hypothermia diminishes the measure of cerebral oxygen required and furthermore decreases the fiery reaction post heart failure. This forestalls cerebrum harm and passing in patients.There were two significant examinations done on this point. One in Europe and one in Australia; they demonstrated positive results for the patients who were treated with remedial hypothermia. A greater amount of the patients who got the hypothermic treatment endure contrasted with the individuals who didn't; likewise patients treated with hypothermia had less mind harm upon clinic release. Abrupt heart failure is a significant wellbeing worry in the United States; t here are in excess of 400,000 occurrences yearly (AHA, 2011).Only five to thirty percent of patients endure hospitalization and make it to emergency clinic release (AHA, 2011). Specialists are presently finding the exceptionally compelling treatment of specialist actuated hypothermia for heart failure patients. Hypothermia is characterized as an abatement in the center internal heat level beneath 35 degrees Celsius or 95 degrees Fahrenheit (Ward, 2011). It is then described by whether it happened coincidentally or in the event that it was initiated deliberately. There are various utilizations for restoratively instigated hypothermia.Doctor actuated hypothermia is the best remedial treatment for out-of-medical clinic unexpected heart failure. Heart failure patients experience the ill effects of ischemic cerebrum injury prompting poor neurologic results and demise. Specialists will start to cool patients when distribution starts. Remedial hypothermia works by diminishing the cerebral oxygen utilization. During heart failure flow doesn't happen, therefor the essential organs are not enough perfused. At the point when revival happens dissemination resumes and reperfusion occurs.Reperfusion is partners with free extreme arrangement (AHA, 2011). Mellow hypothermia squares intracellular impacts from high calcium focuses and reduces the incendiary reaction after heart failure (Ward, 2011). In 2002 the consequences of two randomized preliminaries were distributed that contrasted mellow hypothermia and normothermia in senseless overcomers of out-of-emergency clinic heart failure. One examination was done in five European nations; the other was led in four clinics in Australia (University of Chicago, 2008).In the European investigation the patients were cooled to the objective scope of 32 to 34 degrees Celsius (University of Chicago, 2008). They were kept at that temperature for 24 hours, and afterward latent warming would start (University of Chicago, 2008). A half year after heart failure 75 of the 137 hypothermic patients had positive outcomes; and had the option to live autonomously and ready to work (University of Chicago, 2008). While with the normothermia patients just 54 of the 137 patients endure a half year after their heart failure (University of Chicago, 2008).With the Australian examination the patients were cooled to 33 degrees Celsius, kept at that temperature for 18 then dynamic rewarming would start (University of Chicago, 2008). The consequences of the Australian examination, 21 of the 43 patients treated with hypothermia had great neurological capacity at release contrasted with nine of 34 patients who were normothermic post heart failure (University of Chicago, 2008). There are different methods used to cool patients; right now there isn't one strategy that stands apart over the rest in convenience and high efficiency.Before the cooling system can start the patient is given a calming and a neuromuscular blocker to forestall shud dering. There are numerous outside methods, for example, cooling covers, ice packs, wet towels, and a cooling protective cap; anyway these are delayed to cool center temperature (University of Chicago, 2008). An intravascular heat trade gadget has as of late become accessible; this machine empowers quick cooling and exact temperature control (University of Chicago, 2008).During the entire cooling and rewarming process the patient is firmly checked and their temperature is taken consistently. Only one out of every odd individual who has unexpected heart failure can get hypothermic treatment. There are different limitations, and every medical clinic has its own convention to follow. A portion of the normal prohibitions are pregnancy, center temperature of under 30 degrees Celsius post capture, and realized thickening issue (AHA, 2011).In request to get hypothermic treatment the patient must be in any event 18 years old, female patients must have an archived negative pregnancy test, he art failure with return of unconstrained dissemination, and the pulse can be kept up at 90mmHg (AHA, 2011). With the utilization of remedial hypothermia treatment numerous individuals have been given another opportunity at life. Specialists and researchers are making incredible walks in refining the strategy expected to effectively treat patients with hypothermic treatment. Ward, J. 2011). Restorative hypothermia for survivors of cardiopulmonary capture. AARC Times. 35 (10), 36-46. American Heart Association. (2011). Remedial hypothermia after heart failure. Recovered April 15, 2011 from http://circ. ahajournals. organization/content/108/1/118. full#sec-9 University of Chicago CPR board. (2008). Restorative hypothermia after heart failure. Recovered April 14, 2011 from http://www. medications. upenn. edu/revival/hypothermia/records/Hypothermia%20Protocol%20Univ%20of%20Chicago%202008. pdf

How to Make Friends When You Have Social Anxiety

How to Make Friends When You Have Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Coping Print How to Make Friends When You Have Social Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on October 21, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Morsa Images/DigitalVision/Getty Images If you suffer from social anxiety disorder ?(SAD) or are simply shy, it may seem easier to avoid making friends and spend time alone instead. However, research shows that people with close friends live longer and are generally healthier.?? In addition, those with close friends are better able to cope with the death of a spouse or other major life change. For those with SAD, you may want to make friends but do not know how.?? Below are step-by-step instructions to help you increase your social circle and hopefully make a few good friends along the way. How to Make New Friends Below are suggestions on how to make and keep new friends.?? Before you try to make new friends, it is important to spend some time working on yourself. The more well-rounded a person you are, the easier it will be to talk with others.Brush up on current events, take up a new hobby; anything that you can do to become more comfortable with who you are will make it easier to make friends. Find out what you are passionate about in order to find like-minded people.The second step in making friends is finding potential friends. When looking for potential friends, the best places to start are also the easiestâ€"your interests.?? Do you work with others? Do you know someone who has a large circle of friends? Could you join a group or organization to increase the number of people that you are in contact with?It is important not to be too picky in the beginning. Anyone could be a potential friend; first impressions are not necessarily the best indicators of who could become a long-term friend. Consider asking a coworker to lunch, joining a book club at the library or volunteering at a local non-profit to meet new people and potential friends.Make sure to get contact information for the people that you meet. Whether its their cell phone number or a link to their social media pages, find a way to reach out to them.The most critical step in making friends is both accepting invitations and making plans with others. Do your best not to turn down any invitations. If you turn people down often enough they will stop asking you to do things.Be patient as your friendship grows. Research shows it can take 50 or more hours before an acquaintance becomes a true friend.??By the same token, you shouldnt always expect the other person to make plans. Though making plans can be a challenging task for those with SAD, it is important to show others that you are interested in them and want to get together.Once you have begun to form friendships, it is important to stay in touch.?? Over time you will come to learn how often certain people stay in touc h. Be sure to do your part to contact your new friends and make plans. With the ease of online communication, its much more convenient to keep in touch with those that you meet. Tips Dont expect instant results. Building friendships takes time and mutual effort.?? Make creating new friendships a priority, but realize that the race to the finish line is a marathon, not a sprint.Once you have made new friends, be careful not to take them for granted. Always make your friendships a priority even when it may not be convenient for you.Good friends dont criticize, gossip, or judge each other.Never compromise your beliefs, values, or morals because of a friendship. A Word  From Verywell Making friends takes time, but if you feel that you cannot meet new people or that idea of trying to meet new people is too frightening or overwhelming, it may be a good idea to consult a therapist. ??Working on treating SAD can help you relax and enjoy being around other people more. Once your social anxiety is under control, you should find it easier to approach new people and start developing friendships.

Why Marijuana Should Be Legal Essay - 1482 Words

Medical Marijuana Marijuana is a very controversial and obtrusive issue in our society today. Although politicians and people have made malicious remarks about it in the past, and even still in the present, the historical truth and beneficial facts of marijuana are finally resurfacing. Unfortunately, our society has become a very critical crowd towards the legalization of marijuana due to the stereotypical view of the kind of people who are considered â€Å"pot smokers.† This contorted perception of a lazy and unmotivated America is the logic behind keeping marijuana illegal and therefore unattainable to our citizens. The legalization of marijuana would be tremendously beneficial to all types of cancer patients because it helps with pain management, its cost efficient, and there have been numerous successful case studies. In the article â€Å"Pot in Palliative Care: What We Need To Know† by Thomas Strouse â€Å"Marijuana refers to naturally grown plant materials not re gulated by the food and drug administration and procured by patients from legal marijuna dispensaries or street suppliers† (7). While carefully examined by many people all around the world, the benefits of using marijuana easily outweigh the disadvantages of the plant. Although many argue that it can lead to further drug use, the plant has showed nothing but leverage to people who have serious illness and chronic pain. According to the authors, â€Å"Medical Marijuana Laws and Suicides† 21 states including the District ofShow MoreRelatedWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal960 Words   |  4 PagesA college student walking down the street on a pitch black night, has a brief encounter with a cop while smoking a joint for his post-traumatic stress disorder, and unfortunately gets arrested, even though marijuana seems to be his only temporary cure. I believe marijuana has many medical benefits, and certain people need it to live a normal, productive life. Opponents of legalizing it have argued that doing so would do more harm than good, however they turn a blind eye to scientific studies provingRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1604 Words   |  7 PagesAll through life, everybody is informed that, Marijuana is awful for you, over and over. A few individuals don t generally comprehend the reasoning behind it, however despite the fact that pot is completely legal in a couple states, it is still surrounding us everywhere; legally or not. Individuals all around the globe wonder why it s not legal all around. Can anyone explain why this drug is illegal for everyone, everywhere throughout the world? Cannabis in the United States of America has beenRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1953 Words   |  8 Pages Since marijuana is discovered, it has been used as drug. Because it considers as a type of cannabis, marijuana is a banned drug. Many of study and research about marijuana show that it effects on human health such as; irritated lung, shadow brain an d dizziness, that is why marijuana has been banned for around seventy five years. Under the Federal Law, having possession of marijuana is illegal and criminal. Marijuana has been an illegal in the United States since 1937. The federal court has triedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1085 Words   |  5 PagesDear , Since the 1930s marijuana has been illegal in the United States. The debate to legalize marijuana has been a huge controversy since the existence of the drug. I believe that by legalizing marijuana America will be able to thrive in the future. Marijuana has been tested and proven to provide a very positive impact in the medical field, the economy, and crime. First and foremost, marijuana is legal in some states in the United States but for medical use only and other countries such as CanadaRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1641 Words   |  7 PagesThe article Marijuana talks about what marijuana is and how marijuana is used in the medical setting. Also this article marijuana talks about how effective the marijuana of kids in high school and the effects of social work and the social life itself. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Marijuana can also be used to drink tea and, predominantly when it is sold or expended for medical purpose is normally mixed into foods. Marijuana is a cannabis which used for some psychoactiveRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal992 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society, it is clear people use marijuana for different reasons. Marijuana is a plant that is known as cannabis, weed, pot, hash, grass or dope. This type of drug is popular all over the country therefor e, the intake of marijuana should be taken, very seriously. Regardless, of how weed makes a person feel it comes with positive effects as well as negative outcomes. Without a doubt, smoking marijuana or eating the drug will affect people’s behavior. Individuals self esteem increasedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1937 Words   |  8 Pages 1 Danielle Cook English 1010 February 22, 2010 Why marijuana should be legal Some people ask why marijuana should be legalized. But, perhaps, we should ask why marijuana is illegal? Contrary to public opinion and current law there are more reasons for marijuana to be legalized than for it to remain illegal. Marijuana cost taxpayers billions of dollars, it is less harmful than other pharmaceutical drugs including alcoholRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1379 Words   |  6 Pagesother information of the country or area that is needed to understand the background of the policy. Another important part of this step is to gain insight into the social determinants of health. 2. State the problem After working with the problem, one should be able to formulate a problem statement that defines the problem. 3. Search for evidence Evidence is information that is useful for developing a policy. To make the search efficient, it is important narrow down the search area before starting toRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana could be an awfully remarkable and questionable issue in the public arena nowadays. In spite of the fact that few hurtful cases are made concerning cannabis in late history, the truths are a unit gradually initiating to reemerge. Tragically, these truths territory units underneath huge feedback on account of the ordinary read of What people esteem the standard pot smoker. This skew impression of a languid and ridiculous America is that the consequences of more than seventy years of dataRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1641 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Recognizing that marijuana will be in the market for a while, this paper will pinpoint detailed information on the production, transportation, effects of marijuana, and its effective control. The review of the claims integrated in the paper offers evidence and conclusive results of the local and foreign production. While using marijuana can be unsafe to a person, it is not as nearly as harmful as the stereotypes about marijuana claim to be. Furthermore, the drug seems to be well established

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain - 2239 Words

Tim Moran Mr. McMullen 531-06 3 March 2015 Term Paper Final Draft All American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn. American writing comes from that. There was nothing before. There has been nothing as good since. These famous words by Ernest Hemingway, a world renowned author, go to prove that Huckleberry Finn truly is a literary masterpiece. Even though Huckleberry Finn is classified as one of the best novels ever created does not mean that it is filled with butterflies and rainbows . Throughout the novel there are many negative escapades that are experienced by the characters that show corruption and hypocrisy of society. The protagonist, Huck Finn, is right in the middle of most of the shenanigans that goes on in society. When he is not in the middle of things in society he is in nature where he is able to break free from the negativity of society. Therefore, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses Huck s experiences within society and in nature to prove that we must return to nature to escape th e corruption and hypocrisy of society. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck s experiences with people in society show the corruption and hypocrisy of society. During a drunken rage, Pap, Huck s father, said, when they told me there was a state in the country where they d let a nigger vote, I drawed out. I says I ll never vote again...I says to the people, why ain t this nigger put up at auction and soldShow MoreRelatedThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain830 Words   |  3 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is â€Å"A Great American Novel†, because of its complexity and richness. Twain writes dialogue that brings his characters to life. He creates characters with unique voice and helps the reader connect to the book. Anyone who reads it is forced to develop feelings for each character. Even though there is a great amount of controversy over the use of some choices, such as the â€Å"n word†, it makes the book more realistic. In the beginning of the novel Huck,Read MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1103 Words   |  5 PagesDmitri Van Duine Jr English Mr. Nelson November 27th The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Written by Mark Twain filled his stories with many examples of satire as to convey a message while also writing an interesting story. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn revolves around the adventures of a young boy called Huckleberry Finn, who is about thirteen years old. Tom Sawyer is Huck’s best friend and around the same age as Huck. He is onlyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesZambrano Mrs. Patmor AP Lit-Period 5 28 September 2016 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1835 Mark Twain embodies realism in almost every aspect of his writing not excluding The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which in he portrays such a lifelike setting that it almost gives you this sense of reality through the point of view of a young man that has an urge for freedom yet struggles to conform to society s norms due to his adolescence. Twain s ability to unmask the true identities of the charactersRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain931 Words   |  4 PagesWolski Mrs. Goska English 2H Period 3 22 October 2014 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mob mentality is the way an individual’s decisions become influenced by the often unprincipled actions of a crowd. Mark Twain penned The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Twain grew up in America’s southern states during the early 1800’s, a time in which moral confusion erupted within the minds of humans. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn s protagonist is a young boy named Huck who freely travels alongRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1375 Words   |  6 Pagesmention the years spent growing and maturing physically. Teenagers are stuck in an inbetween state where they must learn who they want to become and what they want to be when they grow older. The same is true for Huckleberry Finn, from the book â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain. This is a book that was written in a time of great confusion over moral codes and standards. It was a world split in half by two different worlds of people; those who opposed, a nd those who promoted slavery.Read MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain2083 Words   |  9 PagesSatire in Huckleberry Finn In the novel â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain, we are told a story about a young boy and his slave companion’s journey down the Mississippi River and all of their encounters with other characters. Twain constructed a beautiful narrative on how young Huck Finn, the protagonist in the story, learns about the world and from other adult characters, how he is shaped into his own person. At the time this book was made however, this novel provided serious socialRead MoreMark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1575 Words   |  6 Pages Mark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Controversy Mark Twain, born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, is a highly recognizable figure in American literature. Born in Florida, Missouri Mark Twain and his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri where Twain discovered and fell in love with the mighty Mississippi River. The river and his life in Hannibal became his inspiration and guiding light in most of his writing. Although Twain loved the river and did a great deal of traveling, he eventuallyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1005 Words   |  5 Pages In the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain in the 19th century is about a young boy named Huck Finn and Jim, a runaway slave who go on an adventure. The two travel on a raft along the Mississippi river creating a bond and making memories. Mark Twain presents Huckleberry Finn as a dynamic character who at first views Jim as property and eventually considers Jim as a friend, showing a change in maturity. In the beginning of the book, Huck Finn clearly sees Jim as nothing more thanRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1335 Words   |  6 Pagesyear The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is placed in the top ten banned books in America. People find the novel to be oppressing and racially insensitive due to its frequent use of the n-word and the portrayal of blacks as a Sambo caricature. However, this goes against Mark Twain’s intent of bringing awareness to the racism in America. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is classified under the genre of satire and is narrated by a fictional character named Huckleberry Finn. The novelRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain810 Words   |  4 PagesBefore Mark Twain started to write two of his most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark was known to use his characters to display his own thoughts and opinions. â€Å"This device allowed him to s ay just about anything he wanted, provided he could convincingly claim he was simply reporting what others had said.† (Twain, 1283). Mark Twain used this process to be a foundation of his lectures, by manipulating his popularly with his readers. During the story

Physics Key Points Free Essays

string(47) " vibrations decides the loudness of the sound\." A force can do one of four things to an object: 1. Make it speed up – accelerate. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Physics Key Points or any similar topic only for you Order Now Make it slow down – decelerate. 3. Change its direction. 4. Change its shape. If something is doing one of these four things there must be net force acting upon it. Newton’s First Law ‘Every body continues in a state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. ‘ Something without net force acting on it will either stay still or move at a constant speed in a straight line until you apply a force to it. F = ma Newton’s Second Law: †¢ F is the force in Newton’s, N. m is the mass in kilograms, kg. †¢ a is the acceleration in m/s2. This shows that if you keep the mass constant and double the applied force the acceleration will double. Hooke’s Law, elastic and plastic behaviour F = kx An elastic material is one that will return to its original shape when the force applied to it is taken away. A plastic (or inelastic) material is one that stays deformed after you have taken the force away. If you apply too big a force a material will lose its elasticity. In solids If a force is applied over a smaller surface area you get a larger pressure. Pressure can be calculated using the following equation: Pressure = force/area Force will be in Newton’s, N. Area will be in either m2 or cm2. If the area is in m2 then the pressure will be measured in Pascal’s or N/m2. If the area is in cm2 then the pressure will be in N/cm2. In liquids 1. Pressure increases with depth. 2. Pressure acts equally in all directions. 3. Pressure is transmitted through liquids. Hydraulics All hydraulics systems work because the pressure is the same throughout the system. A really good example of this is a car brake system. You need to know all about this for your exams. In gases Although gases are compressible (squashy) they exert a pressure because of the gas particles bouncing off things. Boyle’s Law For a fixed mass of gas the pressure x the volume of the gas stays the same. In other words, as you squeeze a gas its pressure will go up and its volume will get less. Important point: The temperature and mass of gas must stay the same for this to be true! We can write this as: Pressure x volume = constant or P1V1 = P2V2 Moments Moments make things turn or rotate. They are caused by forces but are not forces themselves. Like forces, moments have a direction. We say they are either clockwise or anti-clockwise, to show which way they will make something turn. The bigger the force causing the turning effect the bigger the moment will be. The further the force is from the pivot the bigger the moment will be. The size of a moment can be calculated using: Moment = Force x Distance Force is measured in Newton’s, N. Distance is measured in either m or cm. If the distance is in m then the moment will be measured in Nm. If the distance is in cm then the moment will be measured in Ncm. Distance As we all know, the distance between two points is how far apart they are. In science, we normally use metres as our unit. We often represent how the distance between two points changes using a distance: time graph. Speed Speed is how fast something is going. It is how quickly something covers a certain distance and can be worked out using the equation: Speed = distance/time Acceleration This is how quickly something gets faster. So if you were running and getting 1m/s faster every second you would have had an acceleration of 1 m per second per second. We normally write this 1 m/s2. We work out by the equation: Acceleration = change in speed/time taken Frequency, wavelength, amplitude and time period are used to describe waves. Waves can be transverse or longitudinal. Transverse waves – the vibration is at right angles to the wave motion, e. g. light, water waves and the electromagnetic spectrum waves. Longitudinal waves – the vibration is parallel to the wave motion, e. g. sound and some earthquake waves. Wave Speed (m/s) = Frequency (Hz) x wavelength (m) Reflection is the bouncing of waves off a surface. There are three rules of reflection that you need to know. 1. The angle of incidence always equals the angle or reflection. 2. The distance from the object to mirror is the same as the distance from the mirror to the image. 3. The image is always the same size as the object but is laterally inverted. Refraction is the bending of a wave when it goes from one substance into another. Refraction happens because the speed and wavelength of the wave changes as the wave goes into the other substance. The frequency of the wave stays the same. Total internal reflection happens when the angle of incidence, of a wave going from a substance into air, is greater than the critical angle. The wave bounces off the boundary, obeying the rules of reflection. Dispersion of white light produces a spectrum. This is caused by refraction. Light of different frequencies is refracted by different amounts. Red is refracted the least and violet the most. This causes white light to be split up into seperate colours. Diffraction is the spreading out of a wave as it goes through a gap, or around an object. The smaller the gap or the larger the wavelength the greater the diffraction. Diffraction is most effective when the size of the gap is approximately the same as the wavelength of the wave. You will need to be able to draw diagrams showing how waves reflect, refract and diffract. Sound waves are caused by particles vibrating. The frequency of the vibration decides the pitch of the sound. The amplitude of the vibrations decides the loudness of the sound. You read "Physics Key Points" in category "Papers" Ultrasound waves are high frequency sound waves, which are beyond the human hearing range. Ultrasound is used for seeing babies in the womb, detecting cracks in metal and cleaning instruments. Waves can be represented on an oscilloscope screen, which can be used to measure the characteristics of the waves. You should be able to find the amplitude and time period of a wave from an oscilloscope screen. The electromagnetic spectrum is a series of waves that all travel at the same speed in a vacuum. They are all transverse. Each part of the spectrum has different uses and dangers. Each part of the spectrum has a different frequency and wavelength. Gamma waves are at the high frequency end of the spectrum. Radio waves are at the low frequency end. You will need to know the uses and dangers of each part of the spectrum. Different surfaces and materials absorb different frequencies of waves. White surfaces reflect most waves. Black surfaces absorb most waves. Information can be carried along copper cables as electrical signals, or long optical fibres as electromagnetic wave pulses. Optical fibres have advantages over copper cables. Optical fibres can carry more information; the signals can travel faster and lose less energy as they travel along the cable. There are two types of signals, analogue and digital. Analogue signals have a continuous range of values. Digital signals have only t wo values, on (1) and off (0). Digital signals have advantages over analogue signals. Digital signals are easier to transmit as they are less affected by noise; it is also possible to send more information, in a certain time, as a digital signal than as an anologue signal. Types of energy Energy can not be created or destroyed it can only change from one form into another. There are many types of energy including, †¢ sound †¢ heat †¢ light †¢ kinetic †¢ nuclear †¢ potential energy Kinetic energy is movement energy. Potential energy is stored energy. There are three main forms of potential energy including gravitational, chemical and elastic. Sankey diagrams can be used to represent energy changes. The size of the arrows represents the amount of that type of energy. Energy is measured in Joules, J or kilojoules, kJ. Conduction Heat energy always moves from hotter objects to colder objects. Heat energy is conducted through solids by particles vibrating and passing on the movement to neighbouring particles. Metals are best at conducting heat. As well as the vibrating particles, they move the heat energy by free electrons moving between their atoms. The poorest conductors are gases as their molecules are too far apart to affect each other much. Air is a very bad conductor. Most insulators work because of trapped air. Convection Convection is hot gases or liquids rising and cooler gases and liquids sinking to replace it. As substances heat up the density decreases, which is what makes them float. This movement of molecules is called a convection current. It can only happen in a gas or liquid where the molecules are free to move around. Radiation Radiated heat energy is infrared radiation. All hot objects radiate heat. Black, dull surfaces are the best emitters of heat radiation. Lighter, shinier surfaces are poor radiators of heat. Radiated heat can also be absorbed by cooler objects. Black is the best absorber. Surfaces coloured silver or white will reflect the radiated heat. Ways to save energy in the home Reducing heat losses from a home means less damage to the environment and lower heating bills. Installing insulation costs money. The payback time is how long it takes for the savings to cover the cost. Each strategy has to reduce conduction, convection, radiation or any combination of them. Common strategies are double-glazing, loft insulation, tank lagging, lined curtains, cavity wall insulation, blocking up disused fireplaces and putting foil behind radiators. Other conservation strategies include using of low-energy light bulbs, turning down heating thermostats, fitting draught excluders and switching off unattended appliances. Non-renewable fuels and power stations The fossil fuels are oil, gas and coal. They are non-renewable, which means that they can not be replaced. They will eventually run out. These fuels have many uses but the main ones are heating, transport and generating electricity. In power stations, the fuel is burnt and the heat turns water into steam. That steam pushes around a turbine that is connected to a generator. The generator produces electricity. This process is the same for all power stations. Nuclear power stations don’t burn the fuel. Uranium fuel generates heat that turns water into steam just like in other power stations. Nuclear accidents are rare, but can be serious. The waste from the reactors can be radioactive. It is easy to store it safely for now but it will stay radioactive for years. Environmental impacts of burning fuels Carbon dioxide is the most common of several gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect. The result is global warming. This would result in the weather being more extreme and the ice caps melting raising the sea levels. Sulphur dioxide is the most common cause of acid rain. It dissolves in rainwater to form an acid. The acid rain harms plants, animals and stonework. Alternative energy sources Most of the alternative energy sources are renewable. This means there is either an endless supply of them so that they will not run out, or they can be easily replaced. Hydroelectric power is only possible where the geology is right, such as Scotland. Water runs fast down an incline and turns a turbine. Some developing countries get all their energy from HEP schemes on large dams. The large lake made behind the dam drastically alters the surroundings. Waves and tides have a lot of energy. Few schemes exist because of technological problems and environmental objections. Solar power converts the suns energy into electricity using solar panels. These panels are expensive to make. Wind farms are groups of wind turbines that generate electricity from wind. Some people don’t like wind farms because they spoil the view or make a noise. Geothermal energy uses the natural heat in volcanic rock to generate electricity. Gas called methane is produced when matter rots. This gas can be used to generate heat to produce electricity. Burning rubbish is not a way to avoid pollution but it does preserve fossil fuels as well as avoid rubbish having to be put in landfill sites. Crops can be grown to be burnt in a power station. Another version of this is to process the crops into alcohol and use it instead of petrol in cars. Work is done whenever a force acts over a distance, e. g. a car motor produces a forward force to move the car a certain distance. Energy is measured in Joules, J. The work done or energy transferred can be calculated using: Work done or energy = force x distance When working out the work done the force must be in the same direction as the movement. If more than one force is acting in that direction then the resultant force must be used. Kinetic energy is the amount of movement energy an object has. Kinetic energy can be calculated using: Kinetic energy = ? x mass x velocity2 Gravitational potential energy is the extra amount of stored energy an object has because it is higher up. GPE can be calculated using: Change in gravitational potential energy = mass x gravity x change in height This is the same thing as GPE = weight x height Power is the rate at which work is done, or in other words, the amount of energy transferred per second. Power is measured in Watts, W or J/s. Power can be calculated using: Power = energy transferred / time taken Or Power = work done / time taken Energy is often lost to the surroundings as heat energy. This is wasted energy as it cannot be easily used again. Efficiency tells us how much energy is wasted when an energy transfer has happened. The more efficient something is the less energy that is wasted. Efficiency can be calculated using: Power out/power in*100 =efficiency in % Energy out/energy in*100=efficiency in % Static Electricity Static Charge Static charge is a charge that can’t move. There are two kinds positive (+) and negative (-). All atoms contain positive particles (protons) and negative particles (electrons) but because they contain the same number of protons and electrons they have no overall charge. Static electricity is caused by an atom having too many or too few electrons (e-). A Van de Graff Generator is a machine that generates huge amounts of static charge, by rubbing electrons off a roller and depositing them on the metal dome. Induction and Earthing The basic rule you need to know is that like charges repel and opposite charges attract. Induction – This is the effect caused when a charged object causes electrons in another object to move. This causes the uncharged object to become attracted to the charged object. Earthing – If enough charge builds up on an insulator, the charge can leap the gap, causing a spark. This can be prevented by discharging the object, gradually. This is called earthing. Useful Static Static electricity is used in many useful machines like photocopiers and smoke stacks (to remove pollution from the smoke). Nasty Static If clouds get charged up enough, you get lightning, the biggest spark of all. Static can also be dangerous when refuelling aircraft. The fuel rubs against the side of the hose and lots of charge builds up. If the plane isn’t earthed, the spark can blow the plane up. Basic Circuits Current, Voltage and Resistances Current – This is a measure of the flow of electrons around a circuit (measured in Amperes or Amps). Voltage – This is a measure of how much energy the electrons are carrying around the circuit (measured in Volts). Resistance – This is a measure of how hard it is for the purple to travel through a part of the circuit (measured in Ohms). Direction Problem! Current flows from the positive (+ve) terminal of the battery to the negative (-ve). This is called conventional current flow. The problem is, electrons are negatively charged, so they want to get away from the -ve and go to the +ve. So if electrons are going left to right, you say that the current is going right to left. Circuits An ammeter needs to measure the flow of charge, so it is in series. This means that all the charge has to flow through it and can be counted. It also means that an ammeter needs to have a very low resistance. A voltmeter measures voltage across a component, which you may have heard as potential difference. This means it is in parallel and it also needs a high resistance (otherwise all the current would flow through the meter instead f the component). Series Circuits Current in series: same all the way round (all the current has to flow through everything). Voltage in series: voltages across each component add up to the total voltage supplied by the battery, as they have to share the voltage between them [(A) = (B) + (C) in the diagram]. Higher resistances will need more of the volt age. Final point – resistors in series: To work out the total resistance of two resistors, just add them together. This is because the current has to go through both of them. Parallel Circuits Voltage in parallel: all voltages the same. Current in parallel: the current is shared out between the branches, but recombines near the battery. In the diagram (A) = (B) + (C) = (D). How much current each branch gets depends on the individual resistors – bigger resistance = lower current. Resistance in parallel: you don’t normally have to work out numbers, but the rule of thumb is that the total resistance of two resistors in parallel is less than the lowest individual resistor. Circuit Symbols Cells and Batteries: strictly speaking one cell represents 1. 5V, but of you write the voltage above it (e. g. 6V’), most people will understand the cell has 6 volts. Power Supplies: come in all shapes and sizes; just label them as you want. Switches: several types, I’ve shown the main two that you will come across Lamps/Bulbs: either symbol could be used – it doesn’t matter. Resistors: a few types – Fixed, Variable (you can change the resistance), Thermistor (as it gets hotter, its resi stance decreases) and Light Dependent Resistor or LDR (the more light that shines on it, the lower its resistance gets). Diode: A diode is like an electrical valve, it only lets current flow one way. If it is connected with the arrow pointing to the negative terminal, current can easily flow, if it is the other way round, it will block the current. A LED or Light Emitting Diode is just the same except it gives off light†¦ Ohmmeter: is connected directly to a resistor, of any kind, to find its resistance (no other circuit is used with it) Check in your syllabus to see if there are anymore you need to know! Know Your Formulae Ohm’s Law The law actually says that the resistance of a metal conductor is the same whatever the current – unless it’s getting hotter. However most people think of these equations when the law gets mentioned: V=IR and so on, Voltage (V) in Volts, Current (I) in Amps and Resistance (R) in Ohms. Charge (Q) in Coulombs, Time (t) in seconds and Power (P) in Watts. Always remember to show all your working out, including writing the formula properly (not just the triangle! ) and checking your units (e. g. check for mV or kW instead of V or W) Prefixes: These are little letters added to units to make them a different size, but always use the base unit if unsure. Base units are given in the topics, the ones to watch for are time (seconds) and mass (kilograms not grams). |Prefixes: |Name |Value: |Example: | |M |Mega |x 1,000,000 | 1MW = 1,000,000W | |k |kilo |x 1,000 |1kg = 1,000g | |c |centi |? 100 |1cm = 0. 01m | |m |milli |? 1,000 |1ms = 0. 001s | Mains Supply (AC and DC) We use two main sorts of electrical supplies, DC and AC. DC – This is Direct Current. The current flows in one direction only and has a consistent value. Provided by batteries or DC adaptors/transformers that plug into the mains supply. AC – This is Alternating Current. The current flows first one way then the other at a frequency of 50Hz. AC is what comes out of the mains sockets, usually at around 240V. The Ring Main This is the name given to the circuit in your home. You only need to know that it is a parallel circuit and that the lighting circuit is separate from the circuit for sockets. The National Grid This is the circuit that carries electricity all around the country, from the power stations to homes and businesses. Producing the Power Energy is produced by burning fuel which turns water to steam, this drives a turbine, which make electricity via a generator. This electricity is a very high voltage and is passed over the National grid to a step down station then passed straight to your home. Why the High Voltage? High voltage is used over the National grid, to keep current low. This stops energy being wasted. Energy and the Cost Kilowatt-hours (kWh) The kilowatt-hour is the common unit used by energy companies to measure electricity. This is a unit of energy not power or time. It is the amount of energy if a 1kW appliance was left on for 1 hour. The Cost 1kWh of electrical energy costs around 6p, though it may change depending on your supplier. So multiplying the number of Kilowatt-hours you use by the unit cost (approx 6p), give you the total cost of the electricity you use. Safety A common question is to give you a picture of domestic bliss and get you to identify the hazards, such as the person sticking their fingers in the toaster. Things to look for are: . bad wiring, 2. water near appliances, 3. too many double plugs/adaptors, 4. Frayed wires. Just use your common sense and you should get some easy marks! Wiring a Plug One big problem used to be wiring plugs. By law now, all new appliances are fitted with one already, which helps, but you do need to know what’s going on inside there Fuses Fuses help protect the circ uit against faults. The key thing is to get the wire just thick enough to carry the current you want, but thin enough to melt if there is a current surge. Fuse Ratings Common sizes are 3, 5 and 13Amp fuses, but there are many others. Always choose one slightly higher than the current rating of the appliance, so that it doesn’t blow under normal conditions. Circuit Breakers Fuses are not always effective at protecting you, so circuit breakers are also used. They automatically compare the current entering and leaving the circuit and even if there is the tiniest difference they ‘trip’ off. Earth The Earth (yes, I do mean our planet) is very good at soaking up loose charge. The earth in your house is probably connected to the plumbing (goes to ground) or a large metal spike in the ground somewhere. Double Insulation If something is completely cased in an insulator, like plastic, it is said to be double insulated, and does not need earthing. You can’t get a shock from the case! Atoms are made up of: †¢ protons; †¢ electrons; †¢ Neutrons. Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus and the electrons orbit the nucleus. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge and neutrons have no charge. The shape of the atom was discovered using the alpha-scattering experiment. This showed the original plum-pudding model to be wrong! Atomic notation is used to describe atoms. The top number is the mass or nucleon number. It tells us how many protons and neutrons there are in the nucleus. The bottom number is the proton or atomic number, which tells us how many protons are in the nucleus. During reactions the total number of protons and neutrons must stay the same. Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in the nucleus. It is this different number of neutrons that makes some isotopes unstable and radioactive. These isotopes are called radioisotopes. Ionisation is where an electron is removed from a neutral atom, leaving the atom with a positive charge. Radiation causes ionisation. This can be used to detect radiation, as the amount of ionisation can be measured with a Geiger-Muller tube. Ionisation can damage or kill living cells, this can cause cancer to develop. Alpha particles, beta particles and gamma waves are the three main types of radiation emitted during radioactive decay. All three types of radiation are emitted from the nucleus of the atom. When radiation is emitted the unstable atom loses energy to become more stable. If alpha or beta particles are emitted, new elements are formed because of the change in the number of protons in the nucleus. Alpha, beta and gamma radiation all behave slightly differently due to the way they are made up. Alpha ionises the most over a small distance but is not very penetrating. Gamma is the most penetrating but ionises less over the same distance. Decay equations can be used to work out what new daughter element will be produced when radioactive decay takes place. Safety precautions must be taken when handling radioactive substances. These include, using long handled tongs, pointing sources away from people, wearing lead lined clothing, not inhaling or eating sources. The half-life of a substance is the time it takes for half of the original parent atoms to decay. It is also the time it takes for the count rate of a substance to fall to half the original value. Radiation is used in medicine to cure cancer, in industry to detect the thickness of materials and in dating. Background radiation is radiation that is produced around us all of the time. Sources include certain rocks, cosmic radiation, radon gas in the air, nuclear waste and experiments, medical uses and some foods. The background radiation needs to be subtracted from experiment results on radioactivity. How to cite Physics Key Points, Papers

Ted Bundy’s life Essay Example

Ted Bundy’s life Essay Theodore Robert Bundy (Ted Bundy) was an American serial killer and rapist who between 1974 and 1978 murdered numerous young women in several states. Bundy confessed to over 30 murders but the total number of his victims is not known. He brutally murdered young women and girls with a blunt instrument or by strangulation. It is also believed that he raped many of his victims before and after death (Ted Bundy, http://en.wikipedia.org).Ted Bundy was born in 1946 in Burlington, Vermont, and was the illegitimate child of his mother, Eleanor, and an unknown man. At first, Eleanor and her son lived with her parents in Philadelphia. Friends and neighbors were told that Ted had been adopted by Eleanor’s parents and that he was actually Eleanor’s younger brother. When they eventually moved to Tacoma, Washington, Eleanor married John Bundy. In his adolescence, Bundy was a spectacular student and also very active in the local Methodist Church and the Boy Scouts. His criminal activi ties began before he was out of high school: he was a thief, a shoplifter, and an amateur con man. As an adult, Bundy campaigned for the Republican Party and worked as a volunteer at a suicide crisis center (Ted Bundy, http://en.wikipedia.org).Ted Bundy had a serious relationship with Stephanie Brooks who eventually broke up with him because of his immaturity and lack of ambition. It was then that he discovered that his parents were in fact his grandparents. Two years later Bundy courted Brooks once more, proposed to her, but then left her. Shortly after that he started murdering. Stephanie formed the archetype for his preferred victims who were young white women and girls with â€Å"long dark hair parted in the middle† (Ted Bundy, http://en.wikipedia.org).From January to June 1974 Bundy murdered about ten victims in Washington State alone. Then he moved to Utah where he killed two more young women. He was arrested in 1975, escaped in 1977, and was recaptured a week later. In December that year Bundy escaped again and traveled to Florida where he restarted murdering women. His final victim was a 12-year-old girl whom he abducted and murdered in February 1978 in Lake City. Shortly after that he was arrested, charged with murders, convicted, and sentenced to death in July 1979. During this second trial he marriedCarole Ann Boone in the courtroom. Ted Bundy was executed in the electric chair by the State ofFlorida on January, 24 1989 (Ted Bundy, http://en.wikipedia.org).Biological view of Ted BundyMany mental disorders have a strong biological basis and heredity often plays a crucial part in a criminal’s abnormal behavior. To understand such a behavior it is important to find out whether other members of a criminal’s family ever suffered from a similar disorder (Sue, D.; Sue, D. Sue, S., 2006). In Ted Bundy’s case, it is possible to chart a family tree only on his mother’s side due to the fact that his father’s identity has never been authoritatively established. Bundy’s grandfather was often described by his family members as a very violent and rude person who, for example, used to swing cats by their tails and kick puppies just for fun (Ted Bundy, www.absoluteastronomy.com). Ted Bundy’s aggression and violence in his murders can be thus partly explained by those violent tendencies that he inherited from his grandfather.Psychoanalytic view of Ted BundyAccording to psychoanalytic theory, there are three aspects of the personality: the id, unconscious (the immediate gratification of basic drives – sex, aggression), the superego, unconscious (the restraints imposed by moral, ethical, and societal values), and the ego, conscious (regulates the demands of the id and the restrictions of the superego) (Psychology and Crime). Ted Bundy’s antisocial behavior can therefore be explained by the fact that his superego and ego were not fully developed and did not function properly in controlling his antisocial drives, pleasure-seeking, unbridled sexuality, and unrestrained aggression. His antisocial behavior evolved from being fascinated by images of sex and violence at a very young age to shoplifting and becoming an amateur con man as an adolescent and to murders and rapes as an adult. The weak superego can also account for Ted Bundy’s lack of feelings of guilt that further encouraged deviant behavior.According to psychoanalytic theory, a delinquent ego effectively â€Å"blocks any potential restraint† from the superego and â€Å"permits the delinquent to rationalize criminal behavior† (Psychology and Crime). For example, in a television interview the night before his execution, Ted Bundy claimed that his violence was shaped and molded by consumption of violent pornography and violence in the media (Ted Bundy).Displacement is another defense mechanism that can be discerned in Ted Bundy’s case. Psychoanalysts believe that delinquency often originates from repressed memories of traumatic experiences and from displaced hostility towards those who caused trauma (Psychology and Crime). It can’t be stated that Ted Bundy started murdering because of his breakup with Stephanie Brooks; however, it can be clearly seen here that hostility he felt at an unconscious level towards Brooks was directed to his victims who had appearance similar to that of Brooks.At last, Ted Bundy’s difficulty in getting along with other people and being unable to develop meaningful relationships can be explained by a disruption of the attachment bond between Ted and his mother during his early childhood. Bundy’s narcissism was particularly obvious during his incarceration. All those fan letters that he received from female admirers were his favorite subject that he liked talking about with detectives and interviewers. He became known because of his murders and seemed to enjoy his â€Å"popularity† and to be his own greatest fan (Ted Bundy).Cognitive view of Ted BundyIn what regards crime, cognitive psychologists are concerned with the content of a criminal’s thoughts and general thought structures. The basic assumption behind Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory, for example, is that humans advance through predictable stages of moral reasoning which are defined according to how a person thinks about justice, fairness, and chooses a right course of action. He proposes six Stages of Moral Development and subsequent research on them revealed that criminals tend to have delays in moral development (Psychology and Crime). As an adult, Ted Bundy was not fully developed socially and emotionally. His maturity seemed to correspond to that of an adolescent. His manners were rude and more typical of a twelve-year-older than an adult. Bundy lived in a world of more and more violent sexual fantasies and also consumed a lot of pornographic magazines and movies. He used pornography to experiment, abuse and totally possess women like objects. At first, he nourished his fantasies by indulging in voyeurism and window-peeping. Later he started to make them real while he was committing his murders. His boyish fantasies led him to sexually assault one of his victims with a steel rod from a bed, cruelly rape and sodomize many others.But besides the realization of his wild fantasies, Ted Bundy was also concerned with gaining a total control over his victims. This can be proved by the fact that in several cases he didn’t rape or mutilate his victims until he killed them. He was never interested in getting to know the women he aggressed; instead all that he wanted was to have them in his power. He never allowed any woman to be totally intimate with him, not even Stephanie Brooks or Carol Boone. He always kept a secret part of his personality to himself. In fact, one is tempted to conclude that Ted Bundy felt inferior to his victims and that is why he killed most of them before they c ould discover his true boyish nature and primitive drives.Social and cultural view of Ted BundyAs Ted Bundy confessed not long before his execution, he always had difficulty in developing normal relationships with other people. He never understood why people around him wanted to make friends with each other or why they wanted to love and needed to be loved. Perhaps he became seriously aware of this problem only after the breakup with Stephanie Brooks who was his first girlfriend and who abandoned him because of his immaturity. Anyway, it was after this event that Bundy started to change his personality studying psychology, campaigning for the Republican Party or working voluntarily for a suicide crisis center. He tried to create and then maintain a new image of himself and appear a perfectly normal person. He was handsome and appeared intelligent and thanks to these features he was appreciated by many of his acquaintances;  Ã‚  he always attracted women who were important for him allowing him to establish dominance over them.